In this lesson, you will learn about phrasal verbs, their structure, and how to use them effectively in English. Phrasal verbs are an essential part of advanced English, and mastering them will help you sound more natural and fluent.
What Are Phrasal Verbs?
Phrasal verbs are combinations of a verb and one or more particles (prepositions or adverbs) that create a new meaning. They are widely used in spoken and written English and often replace single-word verbs.
Example:
- Verb + Preposition/Adverb:
Look after
Meaning: To take care of someone or something.
Structure of Phrasal Verbs
Phrasal verbs can be classified into three main types based on their structure:
| Type | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Type 1: Intransitive | Verb + Particle | Wake up |
| Type 2: Transitive Separable | Verb + Particle (+ Object) | Turn off the light or Turn the light off |
| Type 3: Transitive Inseparable | Verb + Particle (+ Object) | Look after the baby |
Common Phrasal Verbs and Their Meanings
Here is a list of common phrasal verbs with their meanings and examples:
1. Bring Up
- Meaning: To raise a child OR to mention a topic.
- Example:
She was brought up in France.
He brought up an interesting point during the meeting.
- Example:
2. Carry Out
- Meaning: To complete or perform a task.
- Example:
The scientist carried out an experiment.
- Example:
3. Give Up
- Meaning: To stop doing something, usually because it’s difficult.
- Example:
I gave up smoking last year.
- Example:
4. Run Into
- Meaning: To meet someone unexpectedly.
- Example:
I ran into an old friend at the mall.
- Example:
5. Take Over
- Meaning: To assume control or responsibility for something.
- Example:
She took over the family business when her father retired.
- Example:
How to Use Phrasal Verbs Correctly
1. Separable vs. Inseparable
Some phrasal verbs can be separated by an object, while others cannot.
- Separable:
-
Turn off the TV.
Turn the TV off.
-
Turn off the TV.
- Inseparable:
-
Look after your sister.
(You cannot say: “Look your sister after.”)
-
Look after your sister.
2. Context Matters
Phrasal verbs often have multiple meanings depending on the context. For example:
Pick up:
- To lift something: Pick up the book from the floor.
- To collect someone: I’ll pick you up at 8 PM.
Tips for Learning Phrasal Verbs
- Learn in Context: Try to learn phrasal verbs in sentences rather than as isolated words.
Example: I ran out of milk this morning. - Use Flashcards: Write the phrasal verb on one side and its meaning/example sentence on the other.
- Practice Daily: Incorporate phrasal verbs into your daily conversations and writing.
Conclusion
Phrasal verbs are an integral part of English communication. By understanding their structure, meanings, and usage, you can enhance your fluency and express yourself more naturally. Keep practicing, and soon you’ll master these versatile expressions!