Wish is a verb we use to express desires for things that are not true or are unlikely to happen. When we combine wish with the past tense, we talk about regrets or desires for the present that are contrary to reality.
Basic Structure
The basic structure is:
Subject + wish + subject + past tense verb
For example:
- I wish I had more time.
- She wishes she lived in Paris.
Key Points to Remember
- We use the past tense after “wish” even though we are talking about the present.
- The meaning expresses something that is not true now.
- “Wish” is followed by a clause (subject + verb), not an infinitive.
Common Situations
1. Expressing Regrets About the Present
We use “wish + past tense” to express regrets about current situations:
- I wish I knew the answer. (But I don’t know it)
- I wish I had a car. (But I don’t have one)
- He wishes he could swim. (But he can’t)
2. Expressing Dissatisfaction
We use “wish + past tense” to express dissatisfaction with present circumstances:
- I wish it wasn’t raining today. (But it is raining)
- She wishes she earned more money. (But she doesn’t)
- They wish they had more free time. (But they don’t)
3. Using “Were” for All Subjects
With “wish,” we can use “were” instead of “was” for all subjects. This is more formal:
- I wish I were taller. (Instead of “I wish I was taller”)
- He wishes she were here. (Instead of “He wishes she was here”)
Wish vs. Hope
It’s important to understand the difference between “wish” and “hope”:
- I hope it stops raining soon. (It might stop raining – possible)
- I wish it would stop raining. (It probably won’t stop raining – unlikely)
Common Expressions with “Wish”
Some common expressions using “wish” include:
- I wish you luck.
- We wish you all the best.
- I wish you were here.
Example Dialogues
Dialogue 1: At Work
Maria: You look tired today, John.
John: Yes, I wish I didn’t have so much work to do.
Maria: I wish I could help you, but I’m busy too.
John: I wish the weekend would come faster!
Dialogue 2: About Vacation
Tom: How’s your vacation going?
Lisa: It’s raining every day. I wish the weather were better.
Tom: I wish I was there with you anyway.
Lisa: I wish you were here too. It would be more fun.
Summary
- We use “wish + past tense” to express desires about present situations that are not true or are unlikely.
- The past tense after “wish” does not refer to the past time but to present situations.
- “Wish” expresses regret or dissatisfaction with the current reality.
- “Wish” is different from “hope,” which expresses possibility.
Now, let’s practice using “wish + past tense” in the exercises that follow.