In this lesson, we’ll explore the differences between “say” and “tell”, two commonly confused verbs in English. By the end of this lesson, you’ll have a clear understanding of when and how to use each verb correctly.
Say
Definition
The verb “say” is used to report someone’s words or thoughts. It focuses on the content of what was said, rather than who it was said to.
Key Points:
- “Say” is usually followed by direct speech or indirect speech.
- It does not require a person as the object.
Examples:
| Sentence with “Say” | Explanation |
|---|---|
| She said, “I’m tired.” | Direct speech: Reporting exactly what someone said. |
| He said that he would call me later. | Indirect speech: Reporting the general idea of what someone said. |
Common Structures:
- Say + Direct Speech:
She said, “I love pizza.” - Say + Indirect Speech:
She said she loved pizza.
Tell
Definition
The verb “tell” is used to report information that is communicated to a specific person or group. It requires an object (the person being told).
Key Points:
- “Tell” is always followed by a person or group.
- It often introduces information or instructions.
Examples:
| Sentence with “Tell” | Explanation |
|---|---|
| She told me, “I’m tired.” | Direct speech: Reporting what someone said to a specific person. |
| He told me that he would call later. | Indirect speech: Reporting what someone communicated to a specific person. |
Common Structures:
- Tell + Person + Direct Speech:
She told me, “I love pizza.” - Tell + Person + Indirect Speech:
She told me she loved pizza.
Key Differences Between “Say” and “Tell”
| Feature | Say | Tell |
|---|---|---|
| Focus | What was said | Who it was said to |
| Requires Object? | No | Yes |
| Example | He said he was busy. | He told me he was busy. |
Common Expressions with “Tell”
Here are some fixed expressions that always use “tell”:
- Tell the truth
- Tell a story
- Tell a joke
- Tell the time
Conclusion
Understanding the difference between “say” and “tell” is essential for clear communication in English. Remember:
- Use “say” when focusing on the content of what was said.
- Use “tell” when specifying who received the information.
Keep practicing, and soon you’ll master these verbs! 😊
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